ENGLISH:
Papism as the Oldest Protestantism by Saint Justin (Popovic)
In the European West, Christianity has gradually transformed into humanism. For a long time and arduously, the God-Man diminished, and has been changed, narrowed, and finally reduced to a man: to the infallible man in Rome and the equally “infallible” man in London and Berlin. Thus did papism come into being, taking everything from Christ, along with Protestantism, which asks the least from Christ, and often nothing.
Both in Papism and in Protestantism, man has been put in the place of the God-Man, both as the highest value and as the highest criterion. A painful and sad correction of the God-Man’s work and teaching has been accomplished. Steadily and stubbornly Papism has tried to substitute the God-Man with man, until in the dogma about the infallibility of the pope—a man, the God-Man was once and for all replaced with ephemeral, “infallible” man; because with this dogma, the pope was decisively and clearly declared as something higher than not only man, but the holy Apostles, the holy Fathers, and the holy Ecumenical councils. With this kind of a departure from the God-Man, from the ecumenical Church as the God-Man organism, papism surpassed Luther, the founder of Protestantism. Thus, the first radical protest in the name of humanism against the God-Man Christ, and his God-Man organism—the Church—should be looked for in papism, not in Lutheranism. Papism is actually the first and the oldest Protestantism.
There is no doubt that all these facts converge into one irresistibly logical conclusion: in the West there is no Church and no God-Man, which is why there is no true God-Man society in which men are mortal brothers and immortal fellows. Humanistic Christianity is actually the most decisive protest and uprising against the God-Man Christ and all the Evangelical, God-Man values and norms.
In a broader historical perspective, the Western dogma about man’s infallibility is nothing other than an attempt to revive and immortalize dying humanism. It is the last transformation and final glorification of humanism. After the rationalistic Enlightenment of the 18th century and the shortsighted positivism of the 19th century, nothing else was left to European humanism than to fall apart in its own impotence and contradictions. But in that tragic moment, religious humanism came to its aid with its dogma about the infallibility of man saved European humanism from imminent death. And, although dogmatized, Western Christian humanism could not help absorbing all the fatal contradictions of European humanism, which are united in one single desire: to exile God-Man from the earth. Because the most important thing for humanism is for man to be the highest value and the highest measure. Man, not God-Man.
It is a fact that this world lies in evil and sin. The reduction of everything to man is in fact the atmosphere in which sinful human nature and man in general—no matter where he is located—lives and breathes, and something toward which they strive. It is, therefore, no wonder that the tides of this sinfulness, just like the tides of European pseudo-Christian poisons, from time to time wash over the Orthodox peoples as well. However, one thing is irrefutably true: the Orthodox church has never ecclesiologically dogmatized any sort of humanism, whether we are talking about Caesaro-papism or any other “ism.” With the strength of its genuine and uncorrupted God-Manhood and Evangelical truthfulness, and through its constant call for repentance regarding everything that is not from God-Man, it has preserved, by the power of the Holy Spirit, the wisdom and the chastity of its heart and its soul. And by this it has remained and continues to be the “salt” of the earth, man and society. On the other hand, the tragedy of Western Christianity lies precisely in the fact that it, either by correcting the image of the God-Man, or by denying it, has attempted to once again introduce demonized humanism, so characteristic of sinful human nature, to—where? Into the heart of the God-Man organism itself—the Church, whose essence lies precisely in the freeing of man from it. And through it into all regions of life, person and society, proclaiming it as the supreme dogma, as the universal dogma. With this, the demonized intellectual pridefulness of man, hidden under the cloak of the Church, becomes the dogma of a faith without which there is no salvation! It is horrible to think it, much less say it: with this, the sole “workshop of salvation” and graduation to God-Manhood in this world, is gradually turned into a demonized “workshop” of violence over consciousness and dehumanization! A workshop of the disfigurement of God and man through the disfigurement of the God-Man!
The Orthodox Church has proclaimed no poison, no sin, no humanism, no earthly social system as dogma—neither through Councils, nor through the “Body” of the Ecumenical Church. While the west, alas, does nothing but that. The latest proof: the Second Vatican Council.
The Orthodox Faith: in it, repentance is a necessary holy virtue; and it always calls for repentance. In the West: the pseudo-Christian faith in man does not call for repentance; on the contrary, it “clerically” obligates a maintaining of its fatal-to-man homo-idolization, its pseudo-Christian humanisms, infallibilities, heresies, and it pridefully considers that in no case are these things for which one should repent.
But in the West? They neither know the Church, nor the path, nor the way out of the hopelessness; all is sunk in soul-losing idolatry, in love of pleasure, love of self, and love of lust. Hence in Europe we see the renaissance of polytheism. The “False Christs,” false gods that have flooded Europe and are exported from it to all the marketplaces of the world, have for their main assignment the killing of the soul in man—that unique treasure of man in all the worlds, and in that way make impossible the very possibility of a genuine society.
—From the book The Orthodox Church and Ecumenism
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ESPAÑOL:
El papismo como el protestantismo más antiguo. Por San Justino (Popovic) En el Occidente europeo, el cristianismo se ha transformado gradualmente en humanismo. Durante mucho tiempo y arduamente, el Dios-Hombre disminuyó, y fue cambiado, estrechado y finalmente reducido a un hombre: al hombre infalible en Roma y al hombre igualmente “infalible” en Londres y Berlín. Así nació el papismo, tomando todo de Cristo, junto con el protestantismo, que pide lo mínimo de Cristo, y muchas veces nada.
Tanto en el papismo como en el protestantismo, el hombre ha sido puesto en el lugar del Dios-Hombre, tanto como el valor más alto como el criterio más alto. Se ha logrado una dolorosa y triste corrección de la obra y la enseñanza del Dios-Hombre. El papismo de manera constante y obstinada ha tratado de sustituir al Dios-Hombre por el hombre, hasta que en el dogma sobre la infalibilidad del Papa, un hombre, el Dios-Hombre fue reemplazado de una vez por todas por un hombre efímero, “infalible”; porque con este dogma, el Papa fue declarado decisiva y claramente como algo superior no solo al hombre, sino a los santos apóstoles, los santos padres y los santos concilios ecuménicos. Con este tipo de alejamiento del Dios-Hombre, de la Iglesia ecuménica como organismo Dios-Hombre, el papismo superó a Lutero, el fundador del protestantismo. Por tanto, la primera protesta radical en nombre del humanismo contra el Dios-Hombre Cristo, y su organismo Dios-Hombre, la Iglesia, debería buscarse en el papismo, no en el luteranismo. El papismo es en realidad el primer y más antiguo protestantismo.
En una perspectiva histórica más amplia, el dogma occidental sobre la infalibilidad del hombre no es más que un intento de revivir e inmortalizar el humanismo moribundo. Es la última transformación y glorificación final del humanismo. Tras la Ilustración racionalista del siglo XVIII y el positivismo miope del siglo XIX, al humanismo europeo no le quedó otra cosa que desmoronarse en su propia impotencia y contradicciones. Pero en ese trágico momento, el humanismo religioso acudió en su ayuda con su dogma sobre la infalibilidad del hombre que salvó al humanismo europeo de una muerte inminente. Y, aunque dogmatizado, el humanismo cristiano occidental no pudo evitar absorber todas las fatales contradicciones del humanismo europeo, que se unen en un solo deseo: exiliar al Dios-Hombre de la tierra. Porque lo más importante para el humanismo es que el hombre sea el valor más alto y la medida más alta. Hombre, no Dios-Hombre.
—Del libro La Iglesia Ortodoxa y el Ecumenismo
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